Radiating truck.



A. F. H. HEAD.

RADIATING TRUCK.

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A. F. H. HEAD.

RADIATING TRUCK.

APPLICATION FILED FEB.15,1917.

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A. F. H. HEAD.

RAIAHNG TRUCK. APi L1cATmN FILED FEB. 15. 1917.

,Patented July 10, 1917.

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RADIATING TRUCK` APPLICATION FILED FEB.15.1911.

Patented July 10, 1917.

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ARTHUR I, I-I. HEAD, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO THE J'. G.

BRILL COMPANY, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA. A CORPORATION OF PENN- SYLVANIA.

RADIATING TRUCK.

teasers.

Specication of Letters Patent.

Patented duly I0, IWW..

Application led February 15, 1917. Serial No. 148,791.

To all whom it may concern.'

Be it known that I, ARTHUR F. I-I. HEAD, a subject of the King of Great Britain, and a resident of the city and county of Philadelphia, State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Radiating Trucks, of which the following is a specification.

In the design and construction of a radial axle truck it is necessary to provide means to allow the axles not only to radiate when entering a curve but also to return promptly to a parallel position on leaving the curve and it has been found in practice that the flanges of the wheels are unable to perform these functions without assistance as excessive wear of the flanges speedily takes place.

The best known method of constructing a radial axle truck at present known is to support the truck frame from the axles by means of swing links and to govern the radial movement of the axles by connecting them pivotally to king bolts fastened to the truck frame. v

The swinging links, due to the action of gravity, tend to remain in a vertical position and keep the two axles of the truck in parallel relation and will, therefore, return the axles to their parallel position when the truck leaves a curve, but they tend to resist the radial movement of the axles when entering a curve, and itis necessary to obtain a source of power to develop the radiating movement. This is done by placing the king bolts which form the pivotal centers for the axles at a substantial distance from the axle and within the wheelbase of the truck. When the car enters a curve centrifugal force is generated in the carbody and is communicated to the kingv bolts drawing them toward the outer rail and in consequence causing the axles to radiate; when the car leaves the curve the centrifugal force dies away and allows the swinging links to return to a vertical position and, therefore, the axles to resume their parallel relation. The king bolts should be located on the longitudinal center line of the truck to obtain the best results.

Such a construction is of a very sensitive character and as a .result radiating movement of the axles can take place to a certain extent on tangent track when the axles receive shocks owing to bad rail joints or other irregularities of the track.

It, therefore, frequently happens that a car mounted on a radial axle truck when running on tangent track of an indifferent or bad character will oscillate considerably with a movement usually described as weaving,7 which is very impleasant and causes considcra-ble discomfort to passengers.

It is known, that weaving is not a movement of the car and therefore of the truck frame bodily sidewise (the longitudinal center line of the car body remaining parallel to the track while the movement takes place, and which I will refer to as a sidewise movement,) but can be conveniently described as a snake like movement of the car body, as while the front end ofthe car is gradually swinging from left to right, the rear end is swinging from right to left and vice versa, see Figure 1, in other words the car body makes a series of pendulum-like oscillations in a horizontal plane about an imaginary vertical pivot situated approximately at the center of the car.

This weaving action is the direct result of the radiation of the axles which sometimes, as above described, takes place on tangent track, as I will illustrate later, and for this movement to develop it is necessary for the axles to be able to radiate independently of each other, so that while one axle is radiating in the direction called for by a right hand curve the other axle is radiating in the direction called for by a left hand curve, and vice versa, and I have found that if the `movement of the two axles are correlated so that when one axle radiates to suit'l" a right hand curve, the other axle is compelled to radiate to suit a right hand curve also, while the car is on tangent track, it is almost impossible to observe appreciable radiating movement of the axles, and the car will ride smoothly and steadily even on a very irregular track. On the other hand the axles will be able to perform their proper function and radiate freely when a curve is reached.

also, must be moved transversely an appre-Y ciable amount carrying therewith the truck frame and car body. 1f both the .axles are compelled to radiate to suit the same handed curve, both kingbolts must move in the same direction, and the truck frame and carbody will be carried sidewise by them, the longitudinal center line of the car and truck frame, assuming `a position to one side of, but parallel to, the track center line. To bring about such a movement a considerable force is required, which the shocks caused by the wheels striking track irregularities are not powerful enough to produce, and therefore the axles cannot radiate. On the other hand when a curve is reached, the centrifugal force generated in the car body and truck frame, as already described, supplies the necessary force which draws the car body toward the outer rail and allows the axles to radiate.

The object of my invention is to provide a radiating truck which will overcome weaving and be simple in construction and efficient and durable in operation. This ob ject is accomplished by my invention, one embodiment of which is hereinafter more particularly set forth.

For a more particular description of my invention, reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part hereof in which: l

Fig. 1, is a plan view of a truck showing several cars following each other in which the weaving action takes place.

Fig. 2, is a similar plan view somewhat enlarged, of two such cars, the running gear being indicated diagrammatically.

f Fig. 3, is a view similar to Fig. 2 except that my improvement is added which preivents all undesirable movements of the car when passing over rough track.

Fig. 4, shows one end of a truck provided with my improvement.

Fig. 5, is a view partially in section of a portion of this truck.

Fig. 6, is a sectional view taken on the line 6*-6 of Fig. 5 looking in the direction ofthe arrows.

Fig. 7, is a side elevation of a portion of a truck embodying my improvements.

Fig. 8, is a plan view of a part of a truck embodying my invention.

Throughout various views of the drawings similar reference characters designate similar parts.

In Fig. 1, a number of cars, l, 2, 3, 4 and 5 are shown passing over a track 6. 1t is assumed that these cars are mounted on trucks of the general character indicated in Fig. 2. It will be noted, assumingV that these cars are moving' in the directions indicated by the arrow in Fig. 1, and that the track is rough, that the extreme swing of the car 1 about the vertical center axis has taken place, that at 2, the swinging movement is not so great, and at 3, the car is momentarily true on the track; at 4, it has swung in the opposite direction from that shown in Fig. 2 and at 5, it has reached the extreme limit of the swing, the position being opposite to that shown in Fig. 1. 1t is assumed that all these cars are identical and have identical movements when passing overl a given section of the track 6.

The reason why this swinging occurs is apparent from Fig. 2, here the car 7 is shown true upon the track 6 `with its king bolts 8 and 9 set well within the wheel base and on the median line oit' the car. These king bolts are assumed to be fixed to the truck andthe truck is attachedto the car body and the axles 10 and 11 are connected to the king bolts by means of a motor casing or other devices designated by the characters 12 and 13, respectively. The axles 10 and 11 carry the usual car wheels 14 which may be of any suitable design. When this car 7 strikes a section of irregular tracks as shown lon the right in Fig. 2, the axles 10 and 11 remain parallel, or nearly parallel but'cease to be perpendicular to the rails of the track 6 so that a shifting of the car body takes' place as indicated so that the median line 15 which contains the king bolts 8 and 9 is no'longer upon the center Y line of the track. Pendulum like, the car body has to swing on its flexible connections with the axles 10 and 11 until it comes to a condition of rest, whichA if the track Vis -rough will never occur until the oar stops and this undesirable condition is represented in Fig. 1 as above described.

In Fig. 3, as indicated diagrammatically, the means for overcoming this objectionable motion is disclosed, the reference characters being the same as in Fig. 2. Y Here the connections 12 and 13, which are connected to the respective king bolts 8 and 9, are extended so as to have pivots 16 and 17 in xed re-A lations to the parts 12 and 13 and arranged so that pivot 16 lies onthe opposite side of the car to pivot 17, and these pivots 16 and 17 are connected by the diagonally disposed link 18. l

The action of this device is as follows For the purposes of illustration itis assumed that the wheels 14 attached to the axle 10 encounter a rough piece of track and that these are the forward wheels of the car. As soon as these wheels encounter this rough section of track there is a strong tendency set up to shift vthe axle 10 to the position indicated, which would induce a transverse movement of the king bolt 8 so that it would no longer coincide with the center of the track and the pivot 16 would move toward the position occupied by pivot 17 and thus by means of tie rod 18 would compel a corresponding movement of pivot 17 and in consequence cause axle 11 to assume position shown which in turn would cause king bolt 9 to move transversely in the same direction in which king bolt 8 would have moved, and the longitudinal center line of the car 15 would be to one side of, but parallel to, the center line of the track. For weaving to have taken place the center line of the oar would require to have assumed position 15a and the king bolt 9 the position 9a, axle 11 the position 11a, etc., and pivot 17 the position 17 a to assume which position it is obvious that the tie-rod 18 would require to be either shortened or broken.

The details of construction may be readily understood from Figs. 4 to 8 inclusive as they exist in one embodiment of my invention` Here the link 18 is adjustably mounted in any suitable way with a jaw 19 at each end, and one of these jaws at one end connected to the pivot 16 and the other jaw to the other pivot 17. The pivots 16 and 17 are mounted in ears 2O and 21 respectively which extend from the yokes 12 and 18 in which the king bolts 8 and 9 are mounted and these king bolts are also mounted in any suitable manner in the frame 22 under the car bodys center and well within the wheel base.

The motor may be of the conventional form and sleeved upon the axle in the conventional manner, its other end being bolted to bar 36 which is extended transversely to form a support :tor the brake rigging and is in turn bolted to the yoke 12.

The frame 22 has suitable diagonal brace rods 23 which connect crossings 24 with the side frames 25 and the structure is further reinforced by suitable longitudinal tie bolts 26 which extend from one king bolt to the other. rIhe car body 7 is supported by suitable springs 27 surmounted by caps 28, and the side frames 25 are provided with yokes 29 which pass over axle boxes 30 which rest on the ends of the axles 10 and 11. Each axle box 30 has extending ears which carry coil springs 81 which are surmounted by caps 32 which have ball sockets to engage the corresponding heads of links 33, upon the lower ends of which are supported the under yoke 35 which in turn supports side frame 25.

In view of the foregoing, the operation of my improved car truck will be readily understood, the link 18, causing the axles to radiate in opposite directions about the king bolts in the manner above described so that they always move together and keep the median plane of the car parallel with the median plane of the track when the car is passing over straight track. When taking a curve centrifugal force tends to throw the car body toward the outer rail and then the axles assume a radiating position which is not objectional and which ceases to exist when this centrifugal force ceases, that is, when the curve is passed, and then the forces above mentioned restore the car to its normal position which it retains until the next curve is reached although rough track may be passed over.

While I have shown and described one embodiment of my invention it is obvious that it is not restricted thereto, but is broad enough to cover all structures coming with in the scope of the annexed claims.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is:

1. In a car truck, king bolts in fixed relation to said car truck, radiating axles and means for connecting them with their respective king bolts so that when the axles radiate both the king bolts will be moved an equal amount in the same direction transversely in relation to the track upon which the car is running.

2. In a car truck, king bolts mounted therein, axles and means for connecting each of the same to an adjacent king bolt, car wheels on said axles and a link connecting said means so that when the axles radiate, the king bolts will move, relative to the track, into a plane parallel to the plane which they normally occupy.

3. In a car truck, a radiating axle at each end of said truck, wheels on said axles, links supporting said truck from said axles, a king bolt adjacent to each axle and mounted in the truck, and means connecting the king bolts with the axles so that the axles will radiate about the king bolts and a link connecting said connecting means so that when the axles radiate, the king bolts will move, relative to the track into a plane parallel to the plane which they previously occupied.

4. In a car truck, radiating axles, wheels on said axles, a truck frame, links supporting said truck frame from said axles, king bolts in said truck frame located on the longitudinal center line of the truck, the distance between said king bolts being substantially less than the distance between said axles, means for pivotally connecting these axles to said king bolts, and a diagonally disposed link connecting said means, so that when the axles radiate, the king bolts will move, relative to the track into a plane parallel to the plane they previously occupied.

v5. In a radiating axle truck, axles, Wheels yally connecting said axles to said kingrholts, on said axles, a truck frame, links supportand means for correlating the movements of 10 ingsaid truck frame from these axles, king said axles so that they Will radiate simulbolts in said truck frame which are always taneously inopposite directions.

5 located on the longitudinal Center line .of Signed at the eity'of Philadelphia, county the truck, the distance between said king of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, bolts being substantially less than the disthis 12th day of February, 1917. tance between said axles, means fol' pivot- ARTHUR F. H. HEAD.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, 11.10. 

